ZERO: the essence of the Force
The first purpose of those who vape is to get away and possibly quit smoking completely for health reasons, the second to get out of a form of addiction, the third is not to give up some typical sensory pleasures of the cigarette and why not explore new ones.
Therefore, those who vape never lose sight of the main goal: to get rid of the addiction and Zero sets itself an ambitious and complex goal: to allow it.
The first purpose of those who vape is to get away and possibly quit smoking completely for health reasons, the second to get out of a form of addiction, the third is not to give up some typical sensory pleasures of the cigarette and why not explore new ones.
If we analyze both the cigarette and the liquid containing nicotine we trivially distinguish two aspects: the satisfaction of addiction to cover the physiological need to take nicotine and the more sensory aspect represented by the blow in the throat or hit if you prefer, an aspect that gratifies on a perceptive level. the nicotine consumer. All vapers are used to nicotine consumption and have defined over time which is the best concentration of nicotine in liquids in order to optimize these two aspects, in most cases setting themselves the goal, even in the long term or unconsciously of reduce inhaled nicotine or regain a form of personal freedom.
Therefore, those who vape never lose sight of the main goal: to get rid of the addiction and Zero sets itself an ambitious and complex goal: to allow it.
For this reason, when we talk about ZERO it becomes necessary to consider each of the two aspects which are as we all know completely different in every respect.
Starting from these preliminary considerations we begin to analyze that of addiction.
Zero contains natural substances (piperine, hordenine, ascorbic acid) which are not classifiable as addictive substances. However, these substances act on a physiological level, as a whole, in a similar way to nicotine, partly overlapping similar signals for our body, providing it with the elements that can inhibit the need to take nicotine or to partially recreate its effect.
This first mechanism is, I think, the most important, I take the liberty of saying that when it comes to addiction in general it is not necessarily linked to a taste or smell. These are obviously very little relevant aspects, a substance that is addictive could also be administered in another way, for example intravenously and, at this point, it becomes clear how the addiction is absolutely decontextualized from the whole sensory world or better unrelated to the senses of the taste and smell in particular. In fact, addiction acts on a chemical level by setting in motion mechanisms through the receptors that insist on the physiology of the individual through the nervous system.
ZERO works in a very similar way to nicotine from the point of view of the effect but not from the point of view of the dosage, in fact, if we analyze it from the mathematical point of view it should be noted that the dosage follows a non-linear function that makes its curve very similar to a logarithmic curve, it therefore has an initial steepness and then tends to decrease the slope or to increase less with the increase in the value of the Force.
Otherwise it could not be to avoid dosages that if conducted linearly would bring the mixture in a short time beyond the limits of solubility and acceptable intensity in relation to the perception of irritation. This highlights an element, which many will have found, going from strength 1 to strength 2 is not the same as going from strength 3 to 4 and much less from strength 7 to 8. This is why we coined the motto "discover your strength" , we thought precisely about this, the lack of a close relationship from the chemical point of view and translated into the characteristic curve of the ZERO dosage to which external factors must be added.
The inhaled substances pass in a few seconds from the lungs to the blood (7-10 seconds for nicotine) and from there they bind to the receptors, stimulating the release of neurotransmitters with effects that also depend on the personal starting situation in terms of excitement, stress and fatigue. but in any case, the effect always depends on the inhaled dose and the inhalation rate.
What is meant by external factors.
If we consider all the factors related to the body's absorption and use of the three-component mixture internal, the external factors become the system used to vaporize the liquid, the energy introduced into the system and the methods of its use. Let's look at them a little more closely.
Vaporizers today can be classified into 4 macro groups: pods, MTL atomizers, Flavor atomizers and Cloud atomizers. We are not talking about their differences, we assume that they are well known and in any case easily obtainable on an informative level. Let's focus on how these atomizers allow the vaporization of the liquid. From an electrical point of view we can schematize that from the first to the last group the main discriminant is the energy administered which generally increases progressively.
If we analyze both the cigarette and the liquid containing nicotine we trivially distinguish two aspects: the satisfaction of addiction to cover the physiological need to take nicotine and the more sensory aspect represented by the blow in the throat or hit if you prefer, an aspect that gratifies on a perceptive level. the nicotine consumer. All vapers are used to nicotine consumption and have defined over time which is the best concentration of nicotine in liquids in order to optimize these two aspects, in most cases setting themselves the goal, even in the long term or unconsciously of reduce inhaled nicotine or regain a form of personal freedom.
Therefore, those who vape never lose sight of the main goal: to get rid of the addiction and Zero sets itself an ambitious and complex goal: to allow it.
For this reason, when we talk about ZERO it becomes necessary to consider each of the two aspects which are as we all know completely different in every respect.
Starting from these preliminary considerations we begin to analyze that of addiction.
Zero contains natural substances (piperine, hordenine, ascorbic acid) which are not classifiable as addictive substances. However, these substances act on a physiological level, as a whole, in a similar way to nicotine, partly overlapping similar signals for our body, providing it with the elements that can inhibit the need to take nicotine or to partially recreate its effect.
This first mechanism is, I think, the most important, I take the liberty of saying that when it comes to addiction in general it is not necessarily linked to a taste or smell. These are obviously very little relevant aspects, a substance that is addictive could also be administered in another way, for example intravenously and, at this point, it becomes clear how the addiction is absolutely decontextualized from the whole sensory world or better unrelated to the senses of the taste and smell in particular. In fact, addiction acts on a chemical level by setting in motion mechanisms through the receptors that insist on the physiology of the individual through the nervous system.
ZERO works in a very similar way to nicotine from the point of view of the effect but not from the point of view of the dosage, in fact, if we analyze it from the mathematical point of view it should be noted that the dosage follows a non-linear function that makes its curve very similar to a logarithmic curve, it therefore has an initial steepness and then tends to decrease the slope or to increase less with the increase in the value of the Force.
Otherwise it could not be to avoid dosages that if conducted linearly would bring the mixture in a short time beyond the limits of solubility and acceptable intensity in relation to the perception of irritation. This highlights an element, which many will have found, going from strength 1 to strength 2 is not the same as going from strength 3 to 4 and much less from strength 7 to 8. This is why we coined the motto "discover your strength" , we thought precisely about this, the lack of a close relationship from the chemical point of view and translated into the characteristic curve of the ZERO dosage to which external factors must be added.
The inhaled substances pass in a few seconds from the lungs to the blood (7-10 seconds for nicotine) and from there they bind to the receptors, stimulating the release of neurotransmitters with effects that also depend on the personal starting situation in terms of excitement, stress and fatigue. but in any case, the effect always depends on the inhaled dose and the inhalation rate.
What is meant by external factors.
If we consider all the factors related to the body's absorption and use of the three-component mixture internal, the external factors become the system used to vaporize the liquid, the energy introduced into the system and the methods of its use. Let's look at them a little more closely.
Vaporizers today can be classified into 4 macro groups: pods, MTL atomizers, Flavor atomizers and Cloud atomizers. We are not talking about their differences, we assume that they are well known and in any case easily obtainable on an informative level. Let's focus on how these atomizers allow the vaporization of the liquid. From an electrical point of view we can schematize that from the first to the last group the main discriminant is the energy administered which generally increases progressively.
Remembering that the electricity supplied by the battery is the one that transformed into heat makes the liquid vaporize on the user (the resistance) making literally fly together with the carrier (the glycerin) all the substances contained in the liquid which are clustered and accompanied to the process of inspiration.
The greater the energy, the greater the vaporization and consequently the transport of the substances contained in the liquid. This is upstream of the concept of system efficiency, trivially we consider only the flow of energy. Efficiency is obviously important and deserves in-depth discussions, which I think are very interesting, but not precisely useful for this topic.
Therefore, with systems that use more energy to work, the amount of Strength as well as aroma that is made available obviously becomes greater and available for our body.
It is clear that if the use of the atomizer becomes compulsive, not allowing it to cool down, the liquid reaches its vaporization temperature sooner as the energy administered starts from a higher temperature level and with the same activation transients of the system, a greater quantity of steam is obtained and consequently than transported in the unit of temp (let's say the puff).
This explains the fact that those who are familiar with this type of use of vaporization tend to perceive the effect of ZERO more.
At this point we try to analyze the speech of the "hit in the throat" or hit if you prefer.
The first thing to say is that what we call a blow in the throat is basically an irritation caused by what you are inhaling. The irritation depends on the amount of vapor, the type of substance and the depth of inspiration.
It is important to immediately make a local mind on how deeply the liquid is inhaled, sometimes one is convinced to push it deeply into the lungs but in reality this does not happen, probably unconsciously during inhalation self-defense mechanisms are activated that limit the diffusion of the irritating vapor in the lungs. Observing a vape you can realize its real vape mode even if it is not easy.
Vaping an irritant substance be it nicotine or ZERO and pushing it forcibly into the oral cavity causes irritation, the habit tends to make it seem minor, exactly like the first times passing from the tobacco cigarette to the electronic cigarette one coughed so it happens with ZERO or when a the other substance that acts differently from that used is usually taken by the respiratory route. You will notice by vaping ZERO for a certain period that the return to nicotine will make you cough and similarly going from nicotine to ZERO the same thing will happen.
It is interesting, however, to say a few words about how or through what we feel this irritation. Piperine, which can be defined as a pungent alkaloid present in the cuticle of black pepper, acts on the human vanilloid TRPV1 receptor (TRP – Transient Receptor Potential Channels), studies have shown, using whole cell patch-clamp electrophysiology, that piperine produced a clear agonist activity on the human TRPV1 receptor. Nicotine instead acts on the TRPA1 receptor.
TRPV1 has higher levels in the tongue region than in the epiglottis region, and has been localized in epithelial cells and nociceptive fibers (1), i.e. those that have endings of sensory, unmyelinated neurons (slow-conducting nerve-signal fibers) , which signal real or potential tissue damage through painful sensations in all regions studied. TRPA1 also has high levels similarly to TRPV1 but has always been located below the basal lamina (it is a layer of extracellular matrix secreted by epithelial cells).
The greater the energy, the greater the vaporization and consequently the transport of the substances contained in the liquid. This is upstream of the concept of system efficiency, trivially we consider only the flow of energy. Efficiency is obviously important and deserves in-depth discussions, which I think are very interesting, but not precisely useful for this topic.
Therefore, with systems that use more energy to work, the amount of Strength as well as aroma that is made available obviously becomes greater and available for our body.
It is clear that if the use of the atomizer becomes compulsive, not allowing it to cool down, the liquid reaches its vaporization temperature sooner as the energy administered starts from a higher temperature level and with the same activation transients of the system, a greater quantity of steam is obtained and consequently than transported in the unit of temp (let's say the puff).
This explains the fact that those who are familiar with this type of use of vaporization tend to perceive the effect of ZERO more.
At this point we try to analyze the speech of the "hit in the throat" or hit if you prefer.
The first thing to say is that what we call a blow in the throat is basically an irritation caused by what you are inhaling. The irritation depends on the amount of vapor, the type of substance and the depth of inspiration.
It is important to immediately make a local mind on how deeply the liquid is inhaled, sometimes one is convinced to push it deeply into the lungs but in reality this does not happen, probably unconsciously during inhalation self-defense mechanisms are activated that limit the diffusion of the irritating vapor in the lungs. Observing a vape you can realize its real vape mode even if it is not easy.
Vaping an irritant substance be it nicotine or ZERO and pushing it forcibly into the oral cavity causes irritation, the habit tends to make it seem minor, exactly like the first times passing from the tobacco cigarette to the electronic cigarette one coughed so it happens with ZERO or when a the other substance that acts differently from that used is usually taken by the respiratory route. You will notice by vaping ZERO for a certain period that the return to nicotine will make you cough and similarly going from nicotine to ZERO the same thing will happen.
It is interesting, however, to say a few words about how or through what we feel this irritation. Piperine, which can be defined as a pungent alkaloid present in the cuticle of black pepper, acts on the human vanilloid TRPV1 receptor (TRP – Transient Receptor Potential Channels), studies have shown, using whole cell patch-clamp electrophysiology, that piperine produced a clear agonist activity on the human TRPV1 receptor. Nicotine instead acts on the TRPA1 receptor.
TRPV1 has higher levels in the tongue region than in the epiglottis region, and has been localized in epithelial cells and nociceptive fibers (1), i.e. those that have endings of sensory, unmyelinated neurons (slow-conducting nerve-signal fibers) , which signal real or potential tissue damage through painful sensations in all regions studied. TRPA1 also has high levels similarly to TRPV1 but has always been located below the basal lamina (it is a layer of extracellular matrix secreted by epithelial cells).
Basically TRPV1 and TRPA1 are widely present in the human oropharynx although with two distinct models. It should also be noted with regard to the external factors that the TRPV1 receptors especially sensitive to capsaicin (similarly to piperine with a "pharmacological power" factor EC50 that goes from 0.71 for capsaicin to 38 in the case of piperine) amplify the sensations in presence of heat (2).
Here is further explained the discussion made earlier regarding the compulsive or high-temperature use of ZERO.
I mentioned capsaicin, not only because it acts on TRPV1 but also to explain how, beyond the aspects discussed in the first part, the effect of capsaicin relative to HIT is much stronger and this motivates why the previous attempts made in world to use it in vaping have substantially failed.
The last thing I would like to focus on is related to the anatomy of the tongue, in a 2/3 mobile organ that starts from the epiglottis and is distributed in the oral cavity, the TRPV1 receptors are extended to the entire region of the tongue and that is why that the sensitive points can be felt even more deeply sometimes confusing them with the region in which the TRPA1 receptors are present.
FINALLY .....
FINALLY .....
This article aimed to highlight the two fundamental aspects of ZERO: the possible substitution of nicotine at the level of addiction and those related to the hit that we know are, in any case, more linked to the moment of vaping than to the induced effects. It is right to look for the second, but in my opinion the first is more important for all the beneficial effects that this choice can entail, making the location of the hit in the oral cavity secondary.
The philosophy of vaping is expressed primarily in the first aspect, especially for those who come from the cigarette. Running into ZERO in this case can truly be the winning choice to end addiction by committing only once to change your lifestyle.
One last consideration, there is a "learning curve" of the use of ZERO that we have detected, based on the testimonies of those who use it, of 24-72 hours, after which, those who had the will were able to abandon nicotine thanks even to his own strength.
Renzo Cattaneo
Bibliography:
(1) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26530852/
One last consideration, there is a "learning curve" of the use of ZERO that we have detected, based on the testimonies of those who use it, of 24-72 hours, after which, those who had the will were able to abandon nicotine thanks even to his own strength.
Renzo Cattaneo
Bibliography:
(1) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26530852/
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